-
Phytochemical Screening Of Coconut Water Extract
CHAPTER ONE -- [Total Page(s) 5]
Page 3 of 5
-
-
-
1.6 EXTRACTION
The
shade-dried flowers of cocos nucifera were extracted with various
solvents. Shloroform, methanol, ethanol, hydroaclcohol )80% aqueous
ethanol) and aqueous extracts of flowers of cocos nuficera were prepared
in 20g/200ml. the excess solvent in the extract were removed by
distillation and concentrated on water bath, the extracts were then
collected in petridish and stored in desicators at room temperature. The
extracts were used for the detection of phytochemical analysis.
Type
While to the consumers it may seem that there are a few different types
of coconuts, there is really only one species of coconut plant. The
coconut palm, cocos nucifera, is the only type of palm tree that
produces coconut. Within this species, however, there are dozens of
different varieties of coconuts the different varieties are usually
divided into two main types, tall and dwarf.
Tall are the most common
type of coconut palm they can cross-pollinate, which means that they
share genetic materials among trees, leading to a lot of variation in
the characteristics of the fruit the two main types of tall coconut are
the Niu Kafa which grows mostly in the wild and not commercially and the
Niu Vai, which is domesticated. In most cases, the many different types
of coconut that fall between the two types are named according to where
they are grown some varieties include the West Africa Tall and the
Tampakan Taqll.
Dwarf coconut mostly self-pollinate, which means that
there are fewer different types. As the name indicates, they are
smaller than then tall, which makes them more popular to grow in home
gardens and parts. Dwarf coconut trees produce more fruit than tall size
do, but the coconut are generally smaller in size like tall trees,
dwarfs are usually named by their country of origin, in addition, the
color of then young fruits is included as part of the name. Some
varieties include the Cameroon Red, the Malayan Yellow, and the Nias
Green.
One variety of coconut, the Niu Leka Dwarf, also known as the
Fiji Dwarf or Samoan Dwarf, is distinct from other dwarf varieties, this
several characteristics in common with the tall.
1.7 BIOACTIVE CONSTITUENTS IN MEDICINAL PLANTS
Mayer’s
Test: A small quantity of the extract was treated with few drops of
dilute hydrochloric acid and filtered. The filtrate was filling with
Alkaloid Mayer’s reagent. Formation of cream precipitate indicated the
presence of alkaloids. Wagner’s Test: To 2-3ml extract with few drops
Wagner’s reagent formation of reddish brown precipitate indicates the
presence of alkaloids.
1.7.2 Saponins
Foam Test: the
extract was diluted with 20ml of distill water and it was shaken with a
graduated cylinder for 15minutes. Alayer of foam indicated the presence
of Saponnis.
1.7.3 Flavoniods
Naoh Tests: To 2-3ml of extract
drops of sodium hydroxide solution were added in a test tube formation
of intense yellow colour that became colourless on addition of few drops
of dilute HCL indicated the presence of flavoniods.
1.7.4 Glycosides
Akyl
Glycosides have been described in hetero in cyanobacteria where they
likel6y take part in the protection of these cells. They were isolated
and studied in nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria such as anabaena
cylindrical (Nicholas BW et al, nature 1968, 217, 767) and several forms
were structurally characterized.
Other forms with different chain
length and functionally groups on the chain have been studied in other
species (cyanospira rippkae, anamaeba torulosa). Their structures
consist of sugar moitiess glycosidically bound to long-chain diols,
triols, keto-ols and keto-diols. The aglycome moiety consisted of C26 or
C28 carbon-chains with hydroxyl functionalities likely at the C-3
position.
Alkyl glucosides found in Nostacaceae were characterized by
the presence of troils and of C-3 Ketones. Ascarosides are a group of
simple glycolipids which were described are in eggs and tissues of
nematodes (Ascaridiodea) (Fougeuy C et al, Bull Soc Biol 1957, 39, 101).
Investigations on the chemical nature of ascarosides from Parascaris
equorum and Ascaris Suum (Bartley PJ et al) Nat prod 1996, 59, 921) have
shown that they are formed basically by a glycosyl moiety (3,6
didesoxymannose, known as ascarylose) linked to a z-hydroxylated
hydrocarbon containing 26 and 33 carbon atoms.
CHAPTER ONE -- [Total Page(s) 5]
Page 3 of 5
-
-
ABSRACT - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]Medicinal plants are the local heritage with global importance plants and plant based medicaments are the basis of many of the modern pharmaceuticals we use today for our various ailments. The research investigated the photochemical screening of coconut water. Coconut water was obtained fresh from coconut fruit and photochemical analysis was carried out according to standard procedures. The preliminary phytochemical analysis showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, steroids and t ... Continue reading---
