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The Effect Of Partial Replacement Of Conventional Fine Aggregate (sand) With Lateritic Soil In The Production Of Sandcrete Bricks
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Procedure
About 200g of soil sample was passed thoroughly with distilled water to form a uniform paste. A portion of the paste was placed in a brass trough bar (linear shrinkage trough device). The surface of sample was leveled and smoothened off to the brass of the trough bar and the trough was then placed in an oven for 24 hours at temperature of about 105°C. The initial length of the trough bar filled with the soil sample was taken. After 24 hours, the trough bar was brought out of the oven, the final length of the shrunk soil sample in the trough bar was taken.
3.6 Compaction Tests
Compaction is the densification of soil by the application of mechanical engineer that may also involve a modification of the water content as well as gr of the soils. It is a process, which involves the close packing of soil particles through the reduction in the air voids.
Soil compaction is rrrai1; the cheapest method of soil stabilization available. Soil stabilization is the improving the irrespirable physical properties of a soil to achieve the desired shear strength, structure and void ratio. There are many methods of stabilizing soil using chemicals such as lime, lime-flash admixtures, cements and phosphoric compounds but these methods are usually more expensive and many utilize compaction methods in addition to the admixtures since its in corporation into the soil may disturb the soil considerably (Bowles, 1970).
Generally, the compaction energy impacts to the soil are;
An increase in shear strength since this is a function of density). The other variables are structure, cohesion and angle of internal resistance or shearing resistance.
An increase in swell potential
An increase in density
A decrease in shrinkage
v. A decrease in permeability
vi. A decrease in compressibility
Compaction is the oldest and most important method of mechanical soil improvements (Lambe, 1951; Krynme and Judd, 1957). The objectives of compaction are to reduce the sensitivity of strength and volume changes due to environmental changes, especially those affected by moisture. Proctor (1953), established that compaction is a function of four variables.
i. Dry density
ii. Water content
iii. Compactive effort (energy)
iv. Soil type (mineralogical composition, graduation etc)
Compaction is carried out in the field by hand operated vibrating plates and motorized vibratory rollers of various sizes in compacting sand and gravel soils. Fine grained cohesive soils may be compacted in the field using hand operated tampers, sheep foot rollers and rubber tired rollers. In the laboratory, three major types of compaction efforts (energy) are presently used. They include impact, kneading and vibratory types. The impact and kneading are dynamic compaction methods. Impact compaction is commonly carried out in the laboratory by two different methods.
i. Standard Proctor
ii. Modified Proctor
The difference between the two in terms of compactive effort produced by each type based on the weight of rammer, height of drop, number of blows, number of layers of soil and the volume of mould used.
The purpose of a laboratory compaction test is to determine the optimum moisture content (OMC) and maximum dry density (MMD).
3.6.1 Standard Proctor Compaction
Aim: To determine the standard Proctor compaction of the soil samples.
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ABSRACT - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]ABSTRACT WILL BE HERE SOON ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER ONE - [ Total Page(s): 2 ]CHAPTER ONE1.0 Introduction Lateritic soils are formed in hot, wet tropical regions with an annual rainfall between 750 to 300mm, (usually in areas with a significant dry season) on a variety of different types of rock with high iron content. The location on the earth, that characterize these conditions fall between latitude 35oS and 35oN (Person, 1970).Laterisation is the removal of silicon through hydrolysis and oxidation that result in the formation of laterite and lateritic soil ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER TWO - [ Total Page(s): 9 ]CHAPTER TWO2.0 Literature ReviewLaterite is often used to describe the clinkered siliconized clay material. According to Amu et.al. (2011), it could be described as materials with no reasonable constants properties while Villain Cocinaet et.al. (2003), described it as a red friable clay surface, a very hard homogenous vesicular massive clinker-like material with a framework of red hydrated ferric oxides of vesicular infill of soft aluminum oxides of yellowish color. Villain Cocinaet et.al ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER FOUR - [ Total Page(s): 15 ]PERCENTAGE OF STABILIZER ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER FIVE - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]CHAPTER FIVE5.0 CONCLUSIONS, REFERENCE AND RECOMMENDATION. 5.1 Conclusion. Tests
have been conducted to evaluate the suitability of lateritic soils
along Asa dam area Ilorin kwara state and its effect on the strength of
sandcrete bricks when used to replace the conventional fine aggregate,
the following conclusions can be drawn from the analysis of the results:
I. The use of lateritic fine as a partial replacement has a significant influence on the engineering pro ... Continue reading---
REFRENCES - [ Total Page(s): 3 ]REFERENCESAdam, E. A. (2001): Compressed Stabilised earth block manufactured in sudan, A. Publication for UNESCO (online) Available from http://unesdoc.unesco.org.Adepegba, D.A. (1975). “Comparative Study of Normal Concrete which contains Laterite Fines instead of Sand†Building Science; 10:135-41.Agbede, I.O. and Manasseh, V. (2008): use of cement sand admixture in lateritic brick production for low cost housing Leonardo electric Journal of practices and technology, 12, pp163-174.Ak ... Continue reading---
