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Determination Of The Characteristic Strength Properties Of Mild Steel Reinforcement
[A CASE STUDY OF ILORIN METROPOLIS] -
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3.3.2 Principle of Operation
With every 2 revolutions made on the hand or motor driven gear box of high mechanical advantage, a force of 20kN (2000kgf) is applied to a test piece held in the chuck pins. The force deflects the spring beam and this deflection operates a level acting on a piston in a cylinder containing mercury. It should be noted that the mercury inside the sleeve must be at zero point before the drive is made, and this can be alone using the mercury adjuster. The recording graph is mounted on a cylindrical drum connected directly to the main drive. As the mercury column advances, progress is made or recorded by puncturing the graph paper with a manually operated cursor. The drum drive has three alternative gear ratios and thus the magnification of elongation may be varied between 16:1,8:1 or 4:1/during the operation it will be observed that a point will be reached when the mercury in the sleeve will stop moving i.e. remain stagnant. This is the point where we have the ultimate tensile strength. When the mercury starts going down, breaking or fracture of the test piece will soon occur, maximum force are selected from a large variety of spring beams with capacities up to 2okN(44801bf)
3.3.3 General Beam Specification
Maximum forces for standard beams
KN Kgf lbf
20 2000 4480
10 1000 2240
5 500 1120
2.5 250 500
1.2 125 250
600N 62.5 125
300N 31.25 62.5
75N 8 10
3.3.4 Metric Turned Tensile Test Pieces
Test pieces can be made from treated or processed components after all machining and finishing has been completed and the components ready for use. The effects of grading, polishing or chemical finishing and heat treatment and can be taken into account. Test pieces taken from forgings in all three directions of the grain will give more representative test result than those specially prepared or forged at one and of a component. Also small test pull can be made from components which have been subjected to wear or stress after a given period of use and the result compared with those originally obtained.
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ABSRACT - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]ABSTRACT WILL BE HERE SOON ... Continue reading---
APPENDIX A - [ Total Page(s): 6 ] ... Continue reading---
TABLE OF CONTENTS - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER ONE 1.0   Introduction 1.2   Statement of the Problem  1.3    Aim and Objectives of the Study 1.4   Justification of the Study     1.5   Scope of the Study  1.6   Proposed Methodology  CHAPTER TWO2.0 Literature Review 2.1 Nigerian Steel Industry (Historical Development) 2.2 Engineering Materials and Properties 2.2.1 Cement and Concrete  2.2.2 Aggregates and Sand 2.2.3 Timber and Plywood  2.3 Strength of Materials ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER ONE - [ Total Page(s): 2 ]CHAPTER ONE 1.0   INTRODUCTION    Steel is a man-made material containing 95% of iron. The remaining constituent are small amount of element derived from the raw-material use in the making of the steel, as well as other element added to improve certain characteristics or properties of the product (Marcus, 1964).   Steel reinforcement are used generally in the form of bars of circular cross-section in concrete structure. They are like a skeleton in human body. Plain concrete without s ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER TWO - [ Total Page(s): 10 ]CHAPTER TWO2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW2.1 NIGERIAN STEEL INDUSTRY (HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT)Planning for the Nigerian steel industry started around 1958. Many international Organizations and consulting firms had been commissioned at various times to study the feasibility of steel plants under the aegis of the Federal Ministry of Industries In 1971 an extra-ministerial agency was established by Decree to focalize efforts required to actualize a steel plant. The agency was called ‘Nigerian Steel Dev ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER FOUR - [ Total Page(s): 8 ]vii.   ELASTIC MODULUSThis is the slope of the straight line portion of each curveSpecimen 1 =(change in stress)/(change in strain) = 295/0.012 = 24583 N/〖mm〗^2Specimen 2 =  240/(0.018 )  = 13333N/〖mm〗^2Specimen 3 = 220/0.012 = 20000N/〖mm〗^2Therefore:Average elastic modulus =  (24583+13333+20000 )/3 = 19305N/〖mm〗^24.1.4 ANALYSIS FOR 16mm MILD STEEL SPECIMENSi. ULTIMATE STRENGTH OR TENSILE STRENGTHSpecimen 1 = 489.48N/ã₠... Continue reading---
CHAPTER FIVE - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]CHAPTER FIVE5.0 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION From the test carried out and the results obtained, the average yield strength for specimens diameter of 8mm, 10mm, 12mm, 16mm, 2Omm and 25mm were 79N/mm2, 225 N/mm2, 261 N/mm2, 277 N/mm2, 295 N/mm2 and 297 N/mm2 respectively. It was therefore observed that specimen of 8mm and 10m do not meet the BS8110 specification of 250 N/mm2 for mild steel.However, the analysis shows that the average ultimate strength obtained for the specimens of 8mm, 10mm 12mm ... Continue reading---
REFRENCES - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]REFERENCESAlbert, G.G., (1960), ‘Elements of Physical Metallurgy’, 2 Edition, Addison Wesley Publishing Co. Inc., London, pp337-340Arthur, H.N., et aL, (2004), ‘Design of Concrete Structures’, 13th Edition, Tata McGraw Hill Companies, India, pp38-50Bakare, O.S., (2006), Thesis on Determination of Ultimate Tensile Strength of High Tensile Steel Specimens, Civil Engineering Department, University of Ilorin, Nigeria.Kenneth. L -. Dionisio. B.. (1997), ‘Reinforced con ... Continue reading---
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ABSRACT - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]ABSTRACT WILL BE HERE SOON ... Continue reading---