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Effect Of Crushed Concrete As Coarse Aggregates In Production Of Concrete
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2.5 MATERIAL PROPERTIES
2.5.1 WATER
Water or tap water can be used and suitable for manufacturing brick. Water used should be of potable quality if possible, but in no case should dirty or saline water be used. Water sources from rivers or groundwater are usually suitable for making cement mixtures. Actually, water is need for two purposes that are for chemical reaction with cement and contribute the workability. The workability or consistency is affected by the water content, the amount of cement paste in the overall mix and the physical characteristics of the aggregates such as maximum size, shape and grading. Water is important because water distribute every single particles of cement so every crushed rock is covered tightly and water make the mixture of concrete easy to handle. Water from standing ponds or swamps may be high in organic materials and it is not suitable to use in brick mixture. The mass ratio of water to cement is the main factor that determines the strength of brick. A lower water cement ratio will yield a concrete which is stronger, while higher water to cement ratio make a concrete with a lower strength.
2.5.2 CEMENT
The most common hydraulic cement is ordinary Portland cement, a finely pulverized material that develops its binding property using water. The term hydraulic cement is referred as any cement that turns into a solid product in the presence of water, resulting in a material that does not disintegrate in water. The raw materials used to manufacture Portland cement are lime, silica, alumina, and iron oxide. It is manufactured by heating a mixture of limestone and clay until it almost fuses and then grinding the clinker to a fine powder.
2.5.3 FINE AGGREGATE
River sand fine aggregates are formed form weathering and decomposition of all types of rock, the most abundant material constituent being quartz. It is used in variety of products such as brick, glass, concrete and explosives. Manufactured sand is produced by crushing stones, gravel or air-cooled blast-furnace slag and is characterized by sharp and angular particles. Sand is known as very fine loose fragment of crushed rock.
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ABSRACT - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]ABSTRACTIn the face of a possible scarcity of natural aggregates in the future in line with sustainable construction, this research investigates the feasibility of the use of recycled coarse aggregates as an alternative to natural coarse aggregates in structural concrete. The recycled coarse aggregate used in the research was processed from waste concrete. The percentage of recycled coarse aggregates by weight of all in aggregates in the test mixes were 0%, 5% 10% 20% and 30 % respectively. Th ... Continue reading---
LIST OF TABLES - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]LIST OF TABLESTable 3.1: Proposed Mixes Proportions by weight Table 4.1a: Aggregate Impact and Crushing Value Test Table 4.1b: Aggregate Impact and Crushing Value Test Table 4.2b: Below shows the particle size distribution of fine aggregate used. Table 4.2c: Below shows the particle size distribution of coarse aggregate used Table 4:3 Compressive Strength for Natural Aggregate Table 4.4: Compressive Strength for Recycled Aggregate at 5% replacement Table 4.5: Compressive Strength for Rec ... Continue reading---
LIST OF PLATES - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]PLATESPlate 1: Pictorial Illustration of workability of concrete Plate 2: Determination of density of concrete Plate 3: Testing of compressive strength of concrete ... Continue reading---
LIST OF FIGURES - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]LIST OF FIGURESFigure 4.1: Particle size distribution of fine aggregate Figure 4.2: Particle size distribution of crushed concrete Figure 4.3: Particle size distribution of Coarse Aggregate Figure 4.4: Compressive Strength for Natural Aggregate Figure 4.5: Compressive Strength for Recycled Aggregate at 5% Replacement Figure 4.6: Compressive Strength for Recycled Aggregate at 10% Replacement Figure 4.7: Compressive Strength for Recycled Aggregate at 20% Replacement Figure 4.8: Com ... Continue reading---
TABLE OF CONTENTS - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]TABLE OF CONTENTSTITLED PAGECERTIFICATION DEDICATION ACKNOWLEDGMENT ABSTRACT TABLE OF CONTENT LIST OF TABLE LIST OF FIGURE CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 1.0 Background of the study 1.1 Problem Statement 1.2 Aim and Objectives 1.3 Justification of the study 1.4 Scope of the study CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW2.0 Literature Review 2.1 Crushed Aggregate Concrete 2.2 Size Distribution 2.3 Classification of Aggregate 2.4 Source ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER ONE - [ Total Page(s): 2 ]CHAPTER ONE INTROUDUCTION1.0 Background to the studyConstruction and Demolition Waste (C&D) is produced during new construction, refurbishment or renovation of buildings. Demolition waste includes materials from complete building removal as well as partial removals when aspects of the buildings are retained. Construction and Demolition waste includes bricks, concrete, masonry, soil, rocks, lumber, paving materials glass, plastics, aluminum, steel, drywall (gypsum), plywood (formwor ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER THREE - [ Total Page(s): 4 ]CHAPTER THREE METHODOLOGY3.0 Research Methodology Investigation to determine moisture content, density test, Aggregate Crushed Value, Aggregate Impact Value, Slump test, Water absorption, Sieve Analysis and Compressive strength test was carried out. The total of sixty (60) concrete cubes of different mixes proportions were prepared with varying percentage. From each mixture 3 cubical specimens of 150mm x 150mm x 150mm were prepared and strength were ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER FOUR - [ Total Page(s): 8 ]The compressive strength result shown that zero percent (0%) of crushed concrete has the highest strength value when compared to other percentages.4.4 Water Absorption RateThe water absorption coefficient test approach employed in this research is based on outlined in EN ISO 15148: -2002 It is significant that the specimens have the same initial moisture content. In this project, 150mm3 concrete cubes cured for 7, 14, 21, and 28 days, followed by drying at 105ËšC in the oven for a further ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER FIVE - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]CHAPTER FIVE5.0 CONCLUSION i. The research has demonstrated that the recycled aggregate (RCA) processed from waste concrete has poor mechanical and physical properties as compared to natural aggregate (NA). The existing mortar content of the RCA was the main cause for poor quality since it lowered its strength and increased its water absorption. ii. The test shows that crushed concrete cannot conveniently be used in the production of new concrete for construction.5.1 R ... Continue reading---
REFRENCES - [ Total Page(s): 1 ] REFERENCES Ajdukiewiez, A. and Kliszczewicz, A., (2002) Influence of recycled aggregates on mechanical properties of HS/HPC. Cement and Concrete Composites 24, pp 269-279.Chetna M Vyas, Darshana R Bhatt, (2013) Destructive Strength Properties of Recycled Coarse Aggregate, ISSN: 2278-3075, Volume2, Issue.Fumoto, T. and Yamada, M., (2006) Durability of Concrete with Recycled Fine Aggregate., American Concrete Institute, SP234, Durability of concrete, Seventh IntConf, Montr ... Continue reading---
