• Investigation On The Characteristics Of Cornstalk Ash Blended Cement

  • REFRENCES -- [Total Page(s) 3]

    Page 2 of 3

    Previous   1 2 3    Next
    • Bui, D.D., Hu, J. and Stroeven, P. (2005). Particle size effect on the strength of rice husk ash blended gap-graded Portland cement concrete. Cement Concrete Comp, 27:357–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2004.05.002
      China Agriculture Yearbook editorial committee (2012). Chinese agriculture statistical yearbook 2013, China Agricultural Press, Beijing
      Chopra, S.K., Ahluwalia, S.C., and Laxmi, S. (1981) “Technology and Manufacture of Rice Husk Ash Masonary Cement.” Proceddings ESCAP/RCTT Third Workshop on Rice Husk Ash Cements, New Dehli.
      Chowdhury, S., Misra, M. and Suganya, O. (2015). The incorporation of wood waste ash as a partial cement replacement material for making structural grade concrete: An overview. Ain Shams Engineering Journal, 6: 429–437. doi.org/10.1016/j.asej.2014.11.005.
      Coutinho, J.S. (2003). The combined benefits of CPF and RHA in improving the durability of concrete structures. Cement Concrete Comp, 25:51–59.
      Elinwa, A.U. and Ejeh, S.P. (2004). Effects of the incorporation of sawdust waste incineration fly ash in cement pastes and mortars, Journal of Asian Architecture and Building Engineering, 3(1):1-7.
      Elinwa, A.U., and Ejeh, S.P., and Akpabio, I.O., (2005) Using Metakaolin to Improve Sawdush-Ash Concrete. Concrete International, Vol. 27, No.11, pp.49-52.
      Eurostat, Agriculture, forestry and fishery statistics, Forti R., Henrad M. (Eds), Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, Belgium (2016), p. 230.
      FAO (2002). Records,
      He, X.T., Traina, S.J(1992). Reviews and analyses:chemical properties of municipal solid waste composts. J. Environ. Qual. 21, 318–329
      Helepciuc (Grădinaru), C.M.: Utilization possibilities of some cereal plant wastes in the construction domain, in the context of available crops in Romania – a review. In: Bulletin of the Polytechnic Institute of Jassy, Construction. Architecture Section, 62 (66)-4 (2016), p. 121-133.
      Hernandez, J.F. Martinera, and Middendorf, B., and Gehrke, M., and Budelmann, H., (1998). Use of the Wastes of the Sugar Cane Industry as Pozzolana in Lime-Pozzolana Binders: Study of the Reactions. Cement and Concrete Research, Vol 28, No. 11, pp. 1525-1536.
      Hossain, K.M.A. (2005). Chloride induced corrosion of reinforcement in volcanic ash and pumice based blended concrete, Cement & Concrete Composites, 27: 381-390.
      Hydraform Standard (2015). Technical information on interlocking blocks and soil selection guide. [Online] http://www.hydraform.com/soilselectionguide.htm
      Ikponmwosa, E.E., Salau, M.A., Kaigama, W.B.: Evaluation of Strength Characteristics of Laterized Concrete with Corn Cob Ash (CCA) Blended Cement. In: 2nd International Conference on Innovative Materials, Structures and Technologies, IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 96, 012009 (2015) doi:10.1088/1757899X/96/1/012009.
      Industrial Standard Order for Cement Manufacturing,  Distribution, Classification and Usage. Nigerian Industrial Standard, Standards Organization of  Nigeria,  Lagos, Nigeria,    
      Lafarge Cement   https://www.lafarge.com.eg/en/2_2-All_about_Cement
      Lanning, F.C., and Hopkins, T.L., and Loera, J.C., (1980) Silica and Ash Content and Depositional Patterns in Tissures of Mature Zea mays L. Plants, Annual Botany, Vol. 45, pp.549-554.
      Ma, G.X., Yu, F., Cao, D., Niu, K.Y. (2012). Calculation of agriculture non-point source pollution emission in China and its long-term forecast. Acta Sci. Circum. 32, 489–497
      Nair, D.G., Jagadish, K.S., and Fraaij, A. (2006) “Reactive Pozzolanas from Rice Husk Ash: An Alternative to Cement for Rural Housing.” Cement and Concrete Research, V. 36, pp. 1062-1071.
      Nigerian Building and Road Research Institute. (2006). NBRRI interlocking block making machine. NBRRI Newsletter, 1 (1), 15-17.
      Nigerian Industrial Standard, 87. (2004). Standard for sandcrete blocks. Nigerian Industrial Standard, Nigeria Standards Organization Lagos, Nigeria. Nigerian Industrial Standard, 441- 1. (2014).
      Oti, J. E., Kinuthia, J. M., &Bai, J. (2009). Engineering properties of unfired clay masonry bricks. Engineering Geology, 107, 130-139.
      Pinto, J., Cruz, D., et al.: Characterization of corn cob as a possible raw building material. In: Construction and Building Materials 34 (2012), p. 28–33.
      Popa, V. I. (2013). Pulp Production and Processing: From Papermaking to High-Tech Products. SmithersRapra Technology Ltd.
      Portland Cement Association (PCA), (2004). Cement Shortage Analysis. The Monitor Flash Report, May 13, Skokie:IL.
      Raheem, A. A. Adedokun, S. I., Adeyinka, E. A. &Adewole, B. V. (2017).  Application of Corn Stalk Ash as Partial Replacement for Cement in the Production of Interlocking Paving Stones. International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa, 30(1) 85-93
      Raheem, A. A., Falola, O. O., &Adeyeye, K. J. (2012). Production and testing of lateritic interlocking blocks. Journal of Construction in Developing Countries (JCDC), 17 (1). United States Department of Agriculture. (2017). World agricultural production, circular series wap 08- 17. Office of Global Analysis, International Production Assessment Division, South Building, Washington DC. United States Department of Energy. (2003). Energy and emission reduction opportunities for the cement industry.
  • REFRENCES -- [Total Page(s) 3]

    Page 2 of 3

    Previous   1 2 3    Next
    • ABSRACT - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]ABSTRACT IS COMING SOON ... Continue reading---

         

      APPENDIX A - [ Total Page(s): 3 ]Appendix D: Concrete cubes after 28days curing. ... Continue reading---

         

      LIST OF TABLES - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]LIST OF TABLESTable 4.1    Chemical Composition of Cornstalk AshTable 4.2    Results for Surface Area, Residue and Expansion Table 4.3    Compressive Strength for Ordinary CementTable 4.4    Compressive Strength of Cornstalk Blended Ash-10Table 4.5         Compressive Strength of Cornstalk Blended Ash-20Table 4.6    Flexural Strength of Ordinary Cement, 10 and 20 Blended CementTable 4.7    Compressive Strength of Ordinary Cement, 10 and 20 Blended Cement ... Continue reading---

         

      LIST OF FIGURES - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]LIST OF FIGURESFigure 2.1:    Properties of CementFigure 3.1:    Corn plantFigure 3.2:    Specimen of CornstalkFigure 3.3:    Cornstalk AshFigure 4.1:    Flexural Strength Graph of Ordinary CementFigure 4.2:    Compressive Strength Graph of Cornstalk Blended Ash ... Continue reading---

         

      TABLE OF CONTENTS - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]TABLE OF CONTENTTitle pageCertificationDedicationAcknowledgement AbstractTable of ContentsList of TablesList of FiguresCHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTIONi.    Background to the studyii.    Problem statementiii.    Aim of the studyiv.    Objectives of the studyv.    Justificationvi.    ScopeCHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW2.0.Introduction2.1.Corn and Corn Cultivation2.2.Corn and Corn Stalk2.3.Chemical Composition of Corn Stalk2.4.Corn Stalk Ash blended Cement and Construction Industry2.5.B ... Continue reading---

         

      CHAPTER ONE - [ Total Page(s): 2 ]ix.    Aim of the studyThe aim of this study is to investigate the characteristics of corn stalk blended cement as a partial replacement for ordinary portland cement.x.    Objectives of the studyThe main aim of this study is to investigate the characteristics of corn stalk blended cement as a partial replacement for ordinary portland cement while the objectives of the study are:•    To ascertain the characterization of corn stalk ash.•    To determine of the effects of co ... Continue reading---

         

      CHAPTER TWO - [ Total Page(s): 9 ]Utilization of high-silica corn husk ash (HSCA) as a SCM has the potential to benefit the environment, as well as corn and cement producers. Corn biomass normally left to degrade in the field can now become a commodity. Cellulose-based ethanol production facilities produce the bio-fuel from corn biomass without removing the silica necessary for use as a SCM. The current socio-economic climate in the world requires engineers to consider nontraditional materials to help minimize environmental impa ... Continue reading---

         

      CHAPTER THREE - [ Total Page(s): 3 ]In order to get the corn stalk, the leaves and sheaths were removed to expose the stalk. The stalks with a straight stem, free from pest and disease, without insect bites, without apparent defects on the surface of the stems, and with uniform color were selected. The mean length of the corn stalks was 2100mm, the pitch of corn stalk was taken artificially and made into a column shape for use as test specimen with a cross-section of 10mm by 10mm and a length of 100-150mm. Figure 3.2 shows the cor ... Continue reading---

         

      CHAPTER FOUR - [ Total Page(s): 5 ]CHAPTER FOURRESULTS AND DISCUSSIONCorn stalk ash (CSA) is not a good pozzolanic material, since it has the combined percentage composition of silica (SiO2), alumina (Al2O3) and iron oxide (Fe2O3) of 18.78%, which is less than 70%. It therefore does not satisfy the requirement for use as a pozzolana according to ASTM C618(2005). ... Continue reading---

         

      CHAPTER FIVE - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]CHAPTER FIVE CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATION5.0  CONCLUSIONSThis study has dealt tremendously on the investigation of the characteristics of cornstalk ash blended cement. The findings of this research has led to the following conclusions:•    The study revealed that Corn stalk ash (CSA) is not a good pozzolanic material because it does not satisfy the standard specified by ASTM C618(2005).•    The compressive strength of the concrete cubes increased with curing period and amou ... Continue reading---