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Prevalence Of And Motivation For Drug Abuse
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Another way a counsellor can help in drug abuse prevention and treatment as being used in Broward Country public school in USA is through peer counselling. Peer counselling is a student support programme/services through structured in-school and outreach activities which address a multitude of social, individual, school and family concerns and has a focus on violence and substance abuse prevention issues. The responsibility of a counsellor is to train and coordinate a cross section of students who act as helpers and active listeners for their fellow students. They act as conflict mediators and peer tutors, provide classroom presentations on teen issues, welcome new students and promote drug abuse and violence prevention, which includes anti-bullying programmes.
The purpose of peer counselling is to develop and enhance the health, safety, and well being of youths by focusing on peer education through a comprehensive programme and curriculum that encompasses social and emotional skills and awareness, peer mediation, academic opportunity, student service and referral. The focus of the curriculum is preventative. A variety of intervention strategies are employed, however, to educate and motivate students or to invade trained professionals, when needed. The result can be a more positive and safer school climate, healthier students and staff with lower stress levels, and a better utilization of school and community resources (Broward Country, 2013).
Summary of the Reviewed Literature
Drugs are substances that alter physical or physiological and psychological state of an individual. Drug are being used and abuse by everyone in one form or the other and its prevalence is as old as man i.e no society is insulated from the negative consequences of illicit drugs. Drugs in essence can be classified into six which are stimulants, depressants, hallucinogens, cannabis, narcotics and inhalants. Alcohol as one of the depressants was specifically discussed because of its cultural acceptance, availability and people consideration as not drug. Some of the motivating factors of drug use and abuse are culture and ethnicity, unemployment and economic hardship, general acceptance, politics and laws, peer group among others. Abuse of drugs may consequently lead to brain damage, psychological dependence, tolerance, physical dependence, school dropout, armed robbery, prostitution, etc.
Drug preventive measures, through governmental and non-governmental agencies were to reduce drug supply, reduce drugs demands and helping the ex-drug users. However, in preventing drug abuse among youths, also, the role of counsellors and parents cannot be undermined, therefore, counsellors can help in drug prevention by identifying the possible warning signs of the student substance abuse, working with the youth to establish a therapeutic relationship, supporting the family system to promote change and being a resource and liaison between the student, family, school, and community agencies and treatment programmes; while parents should talk to their youngsters about the problem of drugs from early childhood and reaffirmed their self esteem etc. considering drug agencies in Nigeria, NDLEA and NAFDAC are major governmental agencies responsible for drugs abuse and trafficking prevention and Narconon international, a non-governmental organization.
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ABSRACT - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]ABSTRACT COMING SOON ... Continue reading---
APPENDIX A - [ Total Page(s): 2 ]UNIVERSITY OF ILORINFACULTY OF EDUCATIONCOUNSELLOR EDUCATION DEPARTMENTPrevalence of and Motivation for Drug Abuse Questionnaire (PMDAQ)Dear Respondent, This instrument is designed to elicit information on the prevalence of, and motivation for drug abuse among students of tertiary institutions in Kwara State, Nigeria. Your sincere responses to each of the items will be highly appreciated as all information supplied will be treated with utmost confidentiality and be used strictly for the re ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER ONE - [ Total Page(s): 6 ]The American Psychiatric Association (2010) referred to substance abuse as maladaptive patterns of substance use leading to clinical significant impairment or distress, as manifested by one (or more) of the following, occurring within a 12 month period: recurrent substance use resulting in a failure to fulfill major role obligations at work, school, or home; recurrent substance use in situations in which it is physically hazardous; recurrent substance related legal problems; continued substance ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER THREE - [ Total Page(s): 2 ]Pilot Testing The pilot testing is used to determine the usability
of an instrument. To establish this, the instrument was administered to
ten students of the University of Ilorin, which did not form part of the
final respondents of the instrument. After administration, the
researcher interacted with the respondents, recorded their observation
about the instruments and effect necessary corrections.Psychometric Properties of the InstrumentAn instrument is considered appropriate when i ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER FOUR - [ Total Page(s): 7 ]Hypothesis Three:There is no significant difference in the prevalence of drug abuse among students of tertiary institutions on the basis of age.Table 7 indicates that the calculated t-value of 1.51 is less than the critical t- value of 1.96 at 0.05 alpha level. This indicates that there is no significant difference. Hence, the hypothesis is accepted. Therefore, there is no significant difference in the prevalence of drug abuse among students of tertiary institutions on the basis of age.Hypothesi ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER FIVE - [ Total Page(s): 4 ]Still on the basis of age, the hypothesis that there is significant difference in the motivation for drug abuse among students of tertiary institutions was accepted as no significant difference was found. It then indicates that respondents’ age has no influence in their motivation for drug abuse. Irrespective of their different age brackets, they tend to be motivated towards drug abuse by peer pressure, in order to work better and experiment how it works. The finding thus supports that of ... Continue reading---
REFRENCES - [ Total Page(s): 3 ]REFERENCESAaron, K., Robert, L., Reische, D., Barbara, V., Waggoner, S. & Wagger, H.(1982). Understanding health. New Jersey: Random House Visual Education Corporation. Abdullahi, O. (1995). Typology of research. In S. Jimoh (ed). Methodology: An inter disciplinary approach. Ilorin: Unilorin Library and Publication.Akindelly, B. (2009). Causes, effects and control of drug abuse in society.Retrieved July 22, 2013 from. http://www.voices.yahoo.com/causes-effects-control-drug-abuse-society. ... Continue reading---
