THE COMMUNITY/SOCIETY
- Enhancement of educational status of the community
- Reproduction in social ills, eg delinquency, armed robbery, abortions abandoned babies sexually transmitted disease etc.
- Reduction in divorce rate
- Improvement in the socio-economic standard of the community.
- Reduction in rural-urban migration
- Abundance of food which reduces nutritional deficiency and diseases
- Helps the community to plan and provide services like school, transportation, water supple etc.
- THE NATION
- Controls population growth thereby preventing over population
- Even distribution of social amenities e.g housing, health care, education, employment electricity and water supply.
- Proper planning for both the present and future by government is enhanced
- Adequate job opportunities for every citizens
SOCIO-ECONOMIC BENEFITS OF FAMILY PLANNING
- It gives couple opportunity to decide when they will plan for another baby
- Decreased in undesired baby
- Increased financial potentials for families
- Improved job opportunities.
- Improved women economic and social status.
- Improved quality of life for people in the community of provision of adequate housings, educational and health facilities transportation, employment and food supply
2.16 TO REVIEW IMPORTATION OF FAMILY PLANNING
Despite the above advantage benefits of family planning, its utilization depends on the attitude of the recipient
Ukaewgbu (2001) write that one of cause of low interest of people towards family planning is the belief that children are given by God and should never be rejected. Perhaps, this was to go in line with the Islamic teachings which are more rigid than Christian practices that rejects family planning, thus to deeply religious men and women family planning inn ungodly.
Etuk and Ekanem (2003) stated that beliefs influences attitudes while attitude determined intention and behavior. They further added that a Person’s culturally acquired world view of health and illness can be modified by social and economic conditions, with the economically, disadvantaged forced to adopt life than of culture. According to them, it is assumed that behavior is totally under voluntary control and that barrier to performance of the intended behavior do not exist. It therefore holds that a behvioural intention is determined both by attitudes towards the specific behaviorand by subjective horms, i.e what people think regarding the behaviour. This people intend to perform a behavior when they evaluate that behavior positively and when they believe significant others think they should perform it.
Harck reader and Hogan (2004) stated that people are reasonable and in deciding which action to take, systematically process and use the information available to them.
Nwagoro (2005) observed that our society being a religious community has strongly adhered to teachings of both traditional and western, religion which tends to encourage larger families by abhorring the use of birth control. He further noted that based on the biblical notion of “increase and fill the earthâ€, the Roman catholic and some other denomination are taught to reject artificial family planning method since it negates this aspect of “the creationist theoryâ€.
From the field survey 2012, it was observed that Eket people strongly adheres to religious beliefs and tradition and strongly believe that children are gift from God and should never be rejected.
The survey also revealed that most people tend to imbibe the traditional method of sexual intercourse abstinence after childbirth till as long as child is still breastfed and also the use of local leaves and back of trees to prevent unwanted pregnancy. This proves that to change or reinforce a given intention, then person must change or strengthen the attitude towards performing that behavior.
2.2 CRITICAL REVIEW EMPIRICAL STUDIES
Many classical authors and researchers have carried out empirical and researchers have carried out empirical investigation about the attitude influencing desiccation-cum-utilization of family planning methods and services.
Harkreader and Hogan (2004) explained that culture background influence individual, beliefs, values customs , including entry in to the health care system and Personal health practices.