Improving Network Security Using Elliptic Curve Cryptosystem

IV Recent Development in Network Security by using Integration of Network Security Technology. Network Security is the most vital component in information security because it is responsible for securing all information passed through networked computers. Network Security refers to all hardware and software functions, characteristics, features, operational procedures, accountability, measures, access control, and administrative and management policy required to provide an acceptable level of protection for Hardware and Software , and information in a network. Network security problems can be divided roughly into four closely intertwined areas: secrecy, authentication, nonrepudiation, and integrity control. Secrecy, also called confidentiality, has to do with keeping information out of the hands of unauthorized users. This is what usually comes to mind when people think about network security. Authentication deals with determining whom you are talking to before revealing sensitive information or entering into a business deal. Nonrepudiation deals with signatures. Message Integrity: Even if the sender and receiver are able to authenticate each other, they also want to insure that the content of their communication is not altered, either maliciously or by accident, in transmission. Extensions to the check summing techniques that we encountered in reliable transport and data link protocols. Cryptography is an emerging technology, which is important for network security. The widespread use of computerized data storage, processing and transmission makes sensitive, valuable and personal information vulnerable to unauthorized access while in storage or transmission. Due to continuing advancements in communications and eavesdropping technologies, business organizations and private individuals are beginning to protect their information in computer systems and networks using cryptographic techniques, which, until very recently, were exclusively used by the military and diplomatic communities. Cryptography is a vital of today’s computer and communications networks, protecting everything from business e-mail to bank transactions and internet shopping While classical and modern cryptography employ various mathematical techniques to avoid eavesdroppers from learning the contents of encrypted messages. Computer systems and networks which are storing, processing and communicating sensitive or valuable information require protection against such unauthorized access The only general approach to sending and storing data over media which are insecure is to use some form of encryption. A primary concern is that many attacks involve secret manner access to information resources, and organizations are often unaware of unauthorized access to their information systems. For that reason the quantum cryptography used. The security of quantum cryptography maintains in its ability to exchange the encryption key with absolute security. Cryptography has its origin in the ancient world. According to Pfleeger, C. P., & Pfleeger, S. L], the Julius Caesar used simple cryptography to hide the meaning of his messages. According to [Pfleeger, C. P., &Pfleeger, S. L], The Caesar cipher is a monoalphabetic cryptosystem, since it replaces each given plain text letter, wherever in the original message it occurs, by the same letter of the cipher text alphabet. However the concepts of source and receiver, and channel codes are modern notions that have their roots in the information theory. Claude Shannon, in the 1948 provided the information theory basis for secrecy, which defines that the amount of uncertainty that can be introduced into an encoded message can’t be greater than that of the cryptographic key used to encode it [Shannon, E. C.,]. Claude Shannon presented this concept of security in communications in 1949, it implies that an encryption scheme is perfectly secure if, for any two messages M 1 and M 2, any cipher-text C has the same probability of being the encryption of M 1 as being the encryption of M 2 [Coron, J. S.]. Shannon was developed two important cryptographic concepts: confusion and diffusion. According to Salomon, the term confusion means to any method that makes the statistical relationship between the cipher-text and the key as difficult as possible, and diffusion is a general term for any encryption technique that expands the statistical properties of the plaintext over a range of bits of the cipher-text.