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Design And Implementation Of A Medical Diagnostic System
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1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
To develop modern interactive diagnostic software that will aid clinicians in diagnostic procedures.
To offer prescription of medication.
To enable flexibility in access to information through the World Wide Web or comprehensive knowledge bases.
To offer information on effective disease prevention.
To provide for real-time overall effective, efficient and accurate service delivery by clinicians in line with global medical health standards.
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY
Advances in the areas of computer science and artificial intelligence have allowed for development of computer systems that support clinical diagnostic or therapeutic decisions based on individualized patient data. Clinical decision support (CDS) systems aim to codify and strategically manage biomedical knowledge to handle challenges in clinical practice using mathematical modeling tools, medical data processing techniques and artificial intelligence (A.I.) methods.
Its significance is also seen in its ability to:
Provide diagnostic support and model the possibility of occurrence of various diseases or the efficiency of alternative therapeutic schemes.
Reduce the potential for harmful drug interactions, prescription errors and adverse drug reactions.
Enable clinicians report adverse drug reactions to the relevant authorities. Promote better patient care by enhancing collaboration between physicians and pharmacists.
1.5 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
Due to the fact that it is difficult to develop an expert system for diagnosing all diseases at a time, financial and time constraints, this research is limited to medical diagnosis and treatment for malaria, typhoid fever and pneumonia.
The therapy covers severe and uncomplicated cases of the treatment of extreme or severe associated cases in patients such as cerebral malaria which causes insanity, blondness, asthma, tuberculosis and so on.
The study will also involve method(s) of diagnosis especially the patient history, physical examination and request for clinical laboratory test but will not go into how these tests are carried out.
Rather, it will only make use of the laboratory and treatment.
1.6 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
In the course of this study, a major constraint experienced was that of time factor and insufficient finance. Others include the inevitability of human error and bias as some information were obtained via interpersonal interactions, interviews and research, making some inconsistent with existing realities or outrightly incorrect.
Great pains were however taken to ensure that these limitations are at their very minimum and less impactful on the outcome of the work.
1.7 DEFINITION OF RELATED TERMS
Here, the researcher shall try as much as possible to explain certain technical terms used during the course of his study.
Prognosis: This is a medical opinion as to the likely outcome of a disease
Etiology: This is the branch of medicine that investigates the causes and origin of diseases.
Diagnostic Criteria: This term designates the specific combination of signs, symptoms, and test results that the clinician uses to attempt to determine the correct diagnosis.
Therapy critiquing and consulting: This function of a clinician implies assessing of the therapy looking for inconsistencies, errors, cross-references for drug interactions and prevents prescribing of allergenic drugs.
Allergen: A substance that causes an allergy.
Epidemiology: The scientific and medical study of the causes and transmission of disease within a population.
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