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1.2 Scope of the Research
This
research work is limited to policing a democratic Nigeria and the
observance of human rights by its police force in comparative terms with
international best practices.
The reason for this limitation is most
clearly informed by the fact that human rights standards are
compromised and abuses abound in a developing country like Nigeria.
Besides, policing raises issues which either enhances or retrogresses
democratic advancement hence it became expedient to use the Nigeria
Police Force as a case study to review their overall performance and
participation in the democratic process to see whether Nigeria‟s nascent
democracy is being advanced
1.3 Objectives of the Research
This
research had explored three correlated questions. First, to what extent
or degree are democratic policing principles applicable in Nigeria?
Second, how well has the Nigeria Force faired in terms of human rights
observance since the return to civil rule in 1999? Was the Nigeria
Police Act fashioned to encourage democratic policing and observance of
human rights? To this end, the research x-rays the powers and
operational capabilities of the Nigeria Police Force vis a vis the
observance of human rights in the new Nigeria democratic setting. It
explores in very simplistic terms, the basic principles of democratic
policing and the need for human right observance within the context of
global best practices. It provides a comparative and indebt analysis of
policing as a major component of democracy, policing and human rights
issues, judicial attitude to policing and other operational efficacy of
the police with particular emphasis on the lacunas of the enabling law
establishing the police. It also brings to the fore myriads of abuses
inherent in the system, the need to officially recognize their
violations and the challenges of surmounting them. The overall objective
is to observe and proffer amicable recommendations that will help save
guard democratic policing in Nigeria.
, findings/observations, and recommendations.
[1] Per Uwaifo JSCin Fawehinmi Vs Inspector General of Police (2002) 7 N.W.L.R (Pt. 767) 606 at 672-673
[2]
Akhaine, S.O. and Chizea, B.U., State of Human Rights in Nigeria-
Center for Constitutionalism and Demilitarization Annual Report, Abuja
(2011) p. 16
[3] McCulley, T.P., “Nigeria‟s Commitment to Human Rightsâ€, The Punch, 25th April, 2013.
www.punching.com(assessed on 4th November, 2013)
[4] The Guardian, 18th August, 2005,p. 16
[5] This Day Newspaper, Tuesday, 15th April, 2008, p. 23
[6] Dabazau, A. B., Criminology and Criminal Justice, Spectrum Books Limited, Ibadan (2007) p.274
[7] Alemika, E. E. O., “Policing and Perceptions of Police in Nigeria†Police Studies 11 (4) (1998) p. 161-176
[8]
Etannibi, A., and Chukwuma, I., “Analysis of Police and Policing in
Nigeria: A Desk Study on the Role of Policing as a Barrier to Change or
Driver of Change in Nigeria,†(Unpublished) Prepared for the Department
for International Development, 2004.
[9] “The Human Rights Violations
Investigation Commission Report†by Hon. Justice Oputa, C. A.
http://www.oputapanelreport.org(last visited on 19/04/14
[10] CLEEN
Foundation One Day Interactive Forum of the House of Representatives‟
Committee on Police Affairs on 8th November, 2004 at the National
Assembly Complex, Abuja
[11] Ibid
[12] Bulman M, Wolfgang M., et al. The Quality of Democracy: Democratic Barometer for Established Democracies,
National Centre for Competence in Research: Challenges to Democracy in the 21st Century (2008)
[13] Laza, K. The Economic Intelligence, Unit Index of Democracy,
http://www.economist.com/media/pdf/DEMOCRACYINDEX2007v.3.pdf(last visited on 31/01/13)
[14] Helwood, A., Politics (2nd ed.) Palgrave, New York (2002) p.68
[15] Sodaro, M. J. Comparative Politics: A Global Introduction, MC Braw-Hill, Moscow (2004) p. 31
[16] Schumpeter, J. Capitalism Socialism and Democracy (3rd ed.) Harper & Row, New York (1950) p.12
Also, Lipset, S. M.: “Prospects for Democracy†Unpublished Manuscript (2000) p.11
[17] Diamond, L., Developing Democracy; Towards Consolidation, John Hopkins University, Baltimore (1999) p.13 – 14
[18] Buhlman et al. op cit p.15
[19]
Linz, J., and Stepan, A., Problems of Democratic Transition and
Consolidation, John Hopkins University Press, Baltimore (1996) p.7
[20]
Eteng, I. A., “Transparency in Democracy Government in Contemporary
Africa†In: Akani, C. Globalization and the People of Africa, Fourth
Dimension Publishers, Enugu (2004) p.137 - 139
[21] Democracy: Its Principles and Achievements, Inter-Parliamentary Union, Geneva, Switzerland (1998) p. v
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