-
The Innovative Strategies For Public Senior Secondary Students Academic Performanc
[A CASE STUDY OF ILORIN WEST LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, KWARA STATE NIGERIA.]
CHAPTER TWO -- [Total Page(s) 6]
Page 4 of 6
-
-
-
Perpetration of Examination Malpractices by some Stakeholders
Oluwarotimi (2008) saw parents to be direct contributors to this
social evil that is ravaging the Nigerian educational sector.
Oluwarotimi cited a former WAEC boss who indicated that, most of the
examination malpractices perpetrated by students were encouraged by
parents. This shows that many parents or guardians encourage their
children or wards to cheat in examinations. Wilayat (2009) observed that
parents stand indicted for abdicating their cardinal responsibility of
ensuring the morality of their young ones. They corrupt their children
by providing them with bribe money and gifts for supervisors, school
authorities or custodians of examination materials, who in return allow
cheating. Many of the parents have the ambitions that their children
would study particular courses in the university. They therefore go out
of their way to secure good performance on the relevant subjects. Often,
the sheer desperation to have their children in the universities as
their peers is the only motivation for aiding and abetting malpractices.
Another reason why they play the roles of financiers of examination
malpractice is that many of them live well below the poverty line and
cater for large families. They therefore see education as a costly
investment that must yield profit. Apart from providing the funds for
the children to use to court malpractice, they usually procure the
services of examination helpers or writers for their children directly.
They could also directly buy question papers or results for their
children if possible. Parents also often fail to give sufficient
attention to the educational growth of their children. Malpractice
occurs when parents and children discover too late that they are
ill-equipped for the examinations. Finally, parents, in various
communities, especially in the rural areas, often in timid date upright
supervisors and school heads. A number of upright and committed
examination official and supervisors have been maimed for just standing
their ground by not allowing examination malpractice to take place.
Wilayat (2009), further submitted that School Heads are seen to
condone examination malpractice when they wink at cheating by their
invigilators and students. They even do not punish students who cheat in
internal examinations. Entrusted, as they are, with the responsibility
of guarding educational values and standards in a constituency under
violent assault, they are always found wanting in that regards. Often,
their giving into examination malpractice arises from the fear of
community reprisals or even negative reports on their school. Most
public and private school heads fall into this category. Other school
heads go beyond mere keeping their peace, they co-ordinate the
collection of illegal levies and hand the bribes to the supervisor.
Others recruit intelligent ex-students to help provide answers for
distribution to candidates. A combination of anxiety for good results
and greed lead many school heads to intentionally work hand-in-hand with
corrupt supervisors and invigilators. Finally, the school head, by
failing to ensure good-quality education in areas of supervision or
teaching, the provision of adequate staffing, equipment and space,
encourages the ill-prepared students to cheat. Flooding of the schools
with hardened and hard-to-control external candidates and over-crowding
of the laboratories all encourage examination malpractice. Also
overcrowded examination centres, lack of enough space, poor seating
arrangement and poor observational strategies could encourage
examination malpractices. Other contributing factors to examination
malpractice include; gross inadequacy of qualified teachers in schools,
lack of devotion to their profession, unawareness towards teaching
learning objectives, not properly trained, no capacity building, not
providing moral training to students.
Some communities where
examination centres are located are also perpetrators of examination
malpractices. Oluwarotimi (2008) quoted Ojerinde as saying that, “at
times personnel, other relations and communities are involved in the
act.†Members of some communities always compel examination supervisors
to accept scripts of candidates that were written outside the
examination hall. Some students freely commit malpractice by the force
of the pistol and other dangerous weapons which in most cases are aided
by the members of the communities. They intimidate supervisors to give
into examination malpractice (Wilayat, 2009).
In another vein,
Fasua, and Oseghale (2005) stated that with the introduction of photo
embossed certificates by WAEC, effective from 1999, cases of
impersonation at examination halls have drastically reduced. Yet, a
cartel, fattening the symbol of examination malpractice appears to
fester. It was gathered that this group comprises owners of study
centres, who in connivance with WAEC accredited examination centres link
up with the examination supervisor and security operatives to sell
academic success to any dull candidate, as long as the consideration
canbe met. They stated that the WAEC case is simply a grim reminder of
the rot in the Nigerian society, where quest for excellence through hard
work is gradually losing its hold on national life. This is also the
case with other examining bodies.
Oluwarotimi (2008) stated that,
“the Nigerian society attaches more importance to examination success.â€
Sometimes the class of certificate of an individual must be spelt out
before such a person gains admission into institutions of higher
learning or gain employment with any good organization. A person may be
able to do a job and do it well but because he or she does not have the
necessary educational qualifications, no one considers him or her for
such a job. Thus, acquisition of certificates becomes the only
pre-requisite for obtaining jobs and admission into higher institution
in Nigeria. As a result of such attachments to educational
qualifications, lazy students indulge in examination malpractice to meet
societal expectations. Oluwarotimi (2008) went further to state that
pressure from parents and peers, high desire to secure admission into
tertiary institution, the need to attract parents to a school, laziness,
poor study habits, lackof adequate and qualified teachers and fear of
failure were the reasons for indulging in examinationmalpractices.
Value is a predisposition to believe that something is good or bad.
Values are determined by the belief we hold. They are ideas about what
someone or group thinks is important in life. Values play important role
in decision-making. We express our values in the way we think and act
(Lemin, as stressed by Jekayinfa, 2006). Values are taught so that
students can know in advance the actions they can take in any given
situation. “Values education†involves “educating for character†and for
“moralityâ€. It is the teaching of respect and responsibility and other
good virtues to citizens for good character development and for the
health of the nation. As Lickong (2002) pointed out in Dike (2005),
respect and responsibility are two fundamental moralvalues†that a
society should teach its citizens. Other values are fairness, self-
discipline, compassion, prudence and other democratic values. However,
rule of law, due process, equality of opportunity, checks and balances
and democratic decision- making are “procedural values. All these would
enable the people to create a viable humane society and to act
“respectfully and responsiblyâ€. Thus, taking responsibility for the
things we do wrong as well as the things we do right is the way to move
the society forward.
CHAPTER TWO -- [Total Page(s) 6]
Page 4 of 6
-
-
ABSRACT - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]ABSTRACT coming soon ... Continue reading---
APPENDIX A - [ Total Page(s): 2 ]UNIVERSITY OF ILORININSTITUTE OF EDUCATIONDEPARTMENT OF EDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENTEXAMINATION MALPRACTICES STRATEGIES AND STUDENTS ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE QUESTIONNAIRE (EMSSAPQ).Dear Respondent,This questionnaire is designed to collect information on examination malpractices strategies and students academic performance in senior secondary schools in Ilorin West Local Government Area Kwara State.Your co-operation in supplying needed information is highly sought for the information collected will be use ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER ONE - [ Total Page(s): 5 ]Purpose of the Study The main
purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of examination
malpractice strategies on student academic performance in Senior Public
Secondary Schools Ilorin West Local Government. Specifically, the purposes are to:i. Examine the factor responsible for examination malpractices among senior secondary school students;ii. Investigate forms of examinationmalpractices common among senior secondary school student;iii. Find out the eff ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER THREE - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]CHAPTER THREERESEARCHMETHOD This chapter deals with the methodology used in carrying out the study. It describes the design used in carrying out the study, area of the study, the population of the study, sample and sampling techniques, the instrument used in data collection, validation and reliability of the instrument and method of data collection and data analysis.Research Design This study is a descriptive survey design aimed at identifying the innovative strategies for student ac ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER FOUR - [ Total Page(s): 6 ]Testing of Research Hypotheses This section provide detail analysis of the hypothesis formulated for the study, the hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance using t-test statistics. HO1: There is no significant difference in the perception of male and female students on factors responsible for examination malpractice in Senior Secondary School in Ilorin West Local Government.Table 2 shows the result of the difference between the male and female students on factors ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER FIVE - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]CHAPTER FIVESUMMARY CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONSSummary The research work was conducted to investigate into examination malpractices strategies and students academic performance in senior secondary schools in Ilorin West Local Government Area Kwara State. A population sample of 200 students was randomly selected across 10 randomly selected senior secondary school in Ilorin West Local Government Area, Kwara State. A descriptive research design of survey type was adopted for the study; three res ... Continue reading---
REFRENCES - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]REFERENCESAdamu, H. (2008). Indiscipline in Nigeria institutions: Causes, effects and solution in Ehioruwa, A.O. (Ed). Etiology Effect and control of Malignancies in Nigeria Education, pp. 13-22. Zaria: CPSE Publishers.Adamu, M. (2001). Examination malpractice†A paper presented at the 4th Annual special and prize given day ceremony of Federal Government College, Daura, Katsina State.Adekale, A. (2003). Incidence and causes of examination malpractices among students Nigerian Journal of Edu ... Continue reading---
