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Preservice Economics Teachers Perception And Attitude Towards The Use Of Computer-based Test For Assessment
[A CASE STUDY OF UNIVERSITY OF ILORIN]
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CBT is expected to heal the setback been faced by the traditional paper-pencil system which have been long associated with inconsistency, fraud, poor delivery, malpractice, insecurity, improper scoring of candidates and so on. Students are also privileged to access their results after examination. This has made the CBT system more efficient in Nigerian Tertiary Institution (Ipaye, 2009).CBT is to increase the frequency of assessment; motivating students to learn and encouraging skills practice, to broaden the range of knowledge assessed; to increase feedback to students and lecturers; and, to extend the range of assessment methods. Increase in objectivity, consistently and reduction in marking loads aid administrative efficiency (Ozden, Erturk&Sanli, 2004). The use of CBT for assessment is increasing for reasons like entrance examinations in education system, military training exams, certification exams by professional groups and promotional exams in various stages of life.Lowry (2005) viewed a CBT as a way to increasingly provide a quick method of marking summative assessments for large groups of students. CBT has been available in various forms for more than four decades. In the past years, CBT has grown from its initial focus on certification testing for the IT industry to a widely accepted delivery model serving elements of virtually every market once dominated by paper-and-pencil testing (Meissner, 2007).
The extents to which the test takers have knowledge or are familiar with computers have also been argued as a great predictor of performance in CBT. Computer knowledge or familiarity was widely examined as a factor that may influence students’ performance in CBT. Although the results were not consistent, some studies showed that computer knowledge was not associated with performance difference between CBT and PPT groups (Bennett, Braswell, Oranje, Sandene, Kaplan, & Yan, 2008). This shows that knowledge of computer has little or nothing to do with the performance of students in CBT (Leeson, 2006). On the other hand, other studies reported that students’ computer knowledge was significantly related to performance in CBT (Goldberg &Pedulla, 2002).Students with lower computer knowledge performed less in CBTs than students with moderate and adequate knowledge of the computer (Ozden, Erturk, &Sanli, 2004).
The structure of computer-based testing enforces a structure that ensures consistency and reliability. More so the time is controlled so that every candidate has exactly the same amount of time available. Any required reference materials or other test aids can be incorporated directly into the test, eliminating paper exhibits can be lost or damaged (Apampa, Wills &Argles, 2010).
Pre-Service Teachers’Perception of Computer-Based Test
Educators ‘teach so as to test with varying degrees of institutional support (Mathews, 2006). Information and communication technology (ICT) are used to produce educational transformation (Finger, Russell, Jamieson-Proctor & Russell, 2007) in the educational sectors, educators must consider which assessment techniques permit students to utilise the affordances of technology. Computer Based Test is a way of conducting examinations. Curriculum transformation may be unlikely to occur because assessment is a major determinant in teaching (Ainley& Searle, 2007).As computers become increasingly available in educational settings; teachers make use of computers to administer tests (Trotter, 2001). Computers and electronic technology today offers ways of enriching educational assessment both in the classroom and in large-scale (Scalise& Gifford, 2006). Computer based testis tremendously expanding test possibilities beyond limitations. Computer Based Test has restored hope in educational system (Addeh, 2010).
Computer-based test has become a popular way of testing student in the university and the students that are seeking admission into the universities in Nigeria through the post UME examination. With the development of technologies, computer has evolved into a tool that can improve the accuracy and efficiency of tests. Computers have transformed the way testing is being conducted over the years (Liao &Ho, 2010).Computers have been used to administer examinations since the 1970s. In the last decade large numbers of credentialing bodies have used and are using computer based test for testing certification examinations.
Computer based test affects every aspect of examination administration and test development. The use of computer technology, has helped to assess a wild ray of content efficiently and economically (Mancuso, Caudle, Rosen, &Bawden, 2007). Early uses of computers in educational testing involved the computer as a tool for improving the administration of tests. Time required for administration of examination was reduced, and algorithms were written that allowed for the automation of exam scoring. As technology improves, the testing community has been slow to change its direction with regard to the use of computer Capabilities (Harmes, 1999).
Evaluation of computer based test is to be sure that the exam format is measuring the examinees’ knowledge and not their comfort level or confidence with the technology. CBT reproduce and accommodate traditional test-taking behavior. Computer based test has easier control and editing of exam items, better incorporation of testing into the learning environment using specific feedback, and enhancing the questions by incorporating multimedia and it does present some unique challenges in testing security, and this article discusses the approach to the security issues.
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ABSRACT - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]ABSTRACT COMING SOON ... Continue reading---
APPENDIX A - [ Total Page(s): 2 ]APPENDIXUNIVERSITY OF ILORINFACULTY OF EDUCATIONINSTITUTE OF EDUCATIONQUESTIONNAIRE ON PRESERVICE ECONOMICS TEACHERS PERCEPTION AND ATTITUDE TOWARDS THE USE OF COMPUTER-BASED TEST FOR ASSESSMENT IN UNIVERSITY OF ILORINDear Respondent,The objective of this questionnaire is to elicit information on Pre-service economics teachers perception and attitude towards the use of computer-based test for assessment in university of Ilorin. The information provided will be treated as strictly confidential an ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER ONE - [ Total Page(s): 5 ]This study might as well enlighten lecturers on the uses of computer-based test and paper-based test.Examination bodies like the West African Examination Council, the National Examination Council and the Joint Admissions Matriculation Board may find the result of this study useful to them during their policy formulation and implementation with regards to test. The result of this study may prompt examination bodies in Nigeria to use computer-based test. Examinations and professional bodies will a ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER THREE - [ Total Page(s): 2 ]The research instrument wasvalidated by the researcher’s supervisor and
three lecturers from the Department of Social Science Education,
University of Ilorin, Nigeria. The face and contents validation of the
instrument was done to ensure that items in the questionnaire are
appropriate and suitable to assess exactly what it is meant for. The
reliability of the instrument was determined by administrating the
instrument on 10 randomly selected pre-service teachers from Social
S ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER FOUR - [ Total Page(s): 5 ]Summary of FindingThe following finding findings were derived from the study through research questions;1. Pre service Economics teachers’ perceived CBT to be usefulness for assessment in University of Ilorin.2. Pre service Economics teachers’ perceived CBT to be easy to use for assessment in University of Ilorin3. The attitude of Pre service Economics teachers’ towards the use of CBT for assessment in University of Ilorin is not positive. ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER FIVE - [ Total Page(s): 2 ]ConclusionIn light of this, the study discovered that though CBT is usefulness and easy to use but students still have a negative attitude towards it due to factors like anxiety and computer competency.RecommendationsBased on the findings and conclusions, the following recommendations were made:1. Nigerian universities should improve the efficiency of computer-based test to increase its credibility.2. Lecturer sand students should be encouraged on the use of computer- based test irre ... Continue reading---
