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The Design And Construction Of 2kva Inverter
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2.2.1 GENERAL FEATURES OF THE PROJECT
The inverter circuit consists of the following units
2.2.1 POWER SUPPLY UNIT
In this unit, the source of power is derived from a DC source. The power associated with any circuit can be divided from the multiplication of the total voltage across the circuit and the total load current flowing through the circuit. This unit usually consist of an electrolytic capacitor for smoothing the output. The DC voltage is used of powering the relay base.
2.2.2 CHANGE OVER UNIT
This units is used to turn off the oscillator and change over from the inverter to the main power supply when is restored, it consist of a delay unit setting to 10sec for conversion of power.
2.2.3 SWITCHING UNIT
This unit employs the push-pull amplifier arrangement in its operation. The operation i.e ON and OFF time depending on the switching time of the IC, the switching device used is the MOSFET was chosen for its fast switching speed, good thermal stability efficiency and reliability. The output of the IC is used to drive the MOSFET which causes an alternating currents to flow in the primary of a transformer. The result is an induced EMF which is boasted to 220V AC at the secondary of a transformer. The filtering device (capacitor connected at the sinusoidal output) is used to removing harmonics and hence providing a sinusoidal output waveform.
2.2.4 UNDER AND OVER VOLTAGE PROTECTION UNIT
The unit provides protection for the inverter circuit and applied load against under and over voltage. It operates by comprising the input voltage to the reference voltage and then adjusting (reducing or increasing the input as the situation may require) the input voltage to bring it as close as possible to the desired voltage level before feeding to the applied loads.
2.2.5 OSCILLATOR UNIT
The integrated used is SG3524 and it consists of all the control circuitry for regulating of power or switching regulator. The oscillator SG3524 of this type uses external capacitor CT. This capacitor produces a linear ramp voltage which is used as a line dependent references for the pulse width modulator capacitor.
2.3 TYPES OF INVERTERS
Omogoroye (2002) said, there are various types of inverters at different rating from 500VA. 1KVA, 1.5KVA, 2KVA, 2.5KVA, 3KVA and 5KVA e.t.c
Also some are using transistors in their Astable, some are using IC NE555 timer in their Astable-multi-vibrator to generate in these following fields.
i. Uninterrupted power supply unit
ii. Control panel of generator room
iii. Electronic speed control of an induction motor
2.4 COMPARISON WITH THE GENERATOR
The generators generates a lot noise during operation and most of them do not have automatic start/stop in the event of power failure/restoration. They require highly inflammable product such as fuel which emits smoke and a bad odours. On the other hand, the inverter works noiselessly, provides completely automatic switching operations and does not require any special maintenance apart from battery used which requires routine service once in 15-20 days.
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ABSRACT - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]ABSTRACTThis project presents the design and construction of a DC to AC inverter system. It is designed to meet up with the power demand in the offices/homes in the absence of power supply from National Supply Authority.It is designed in such a way that it will take up to 12V DC from battery and inverts it to an output of 220V, 50Hz AC. It makes no noise during operation and not hazardous like carbon monoxide is generated to the surrounding. This is the feature makes it safe to used anywhere whe ... Continue reading---
TABLE OF CONTENTS - [ Total Page(s): 2 ]TABLE OF CONTENTTITLE PAGE CERTIFICATION DEDICATION ACKNOWLEDGMENTABSTRACT TABLE OF CONTENT CHAPTER ONEINTRODUCTION1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY 1.2 PROBLEM OF STATEMENT 1.3 AIM AND OBJECTIVE1.4 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT 1.5 METHODOLOGY1.6 MOTIVATION 1.7 LIMITATION OF THE PROJECTCHAPTER TWOLITERATURE REVIEW2.0 INVERTER 2.1 HISTORY OF INVERTER2.2.1 GENERAL FEATURES OF THE PROTECT2.2.1 POWER SUPPLY UNIT2.2.2 CHANGENG OVER UNIT 2.2.3 SWITCHING UNIT2.2.4 UNDER AND OV ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER ONE - [ Total Page(s): 2 ]CHAPTER ONEINTRODUCTION1.2 Background of the Study An inverter is an electronics device or circuitry that changes direct current (D.C) to Alternating current [AC]. The device make used of an in–built automatic circuit to achieve a complete automation of the entire system. The input voltage, output voltage, frequency and overall power handling depend on the design of a specific device or circuitry. An inverter is very important element that cannot be neglected in this Country as it i ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER THREE - [ Total Page(s): 9 ]The capacitance is thus, the number of coulumbs stored per unit voltage across the capacitor i.e.C= Where C is the capacitance in farads Q is the charge in coulumb V is the voltage across the capacitor in voltsFig 3..2 capacitor 3.1.3 DIODE A diode is a semi-conductor device which allow flowing of current in one direction. Diode is a device which can be either forward or reversed biased. It has a low resistance and is unidirectional. Diodes are va ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER FOUR - [ Total Page(s): 5 ]Ns = 3520/12=293 turnsTherefore Es = 240vNs/Np = Es/EpNs = (Np Es)/EpNs = 240 x 16 12Ns = 3840 = 320 turns 124.1.3 FREQUENCY DIVISION COUNTER This unit is made up of integrated circuit, it serve as a counter to divide the 100Hz signal generated into two equal part i.e 50Hz (Nigeria Standard), these divided frequency of 50Hz each is in the anti-phase and therefore are each alternating fed to the base of the MOSFET in the inverting stage.4.1.4 FREQUENCY UNIT The purpose of this proj ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER FIVE - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]CHAPTER FIVECONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 5.1 CONCLUSIONThe basic objective of the project that were realized include the guarantee of the supply during the absence power from service authority, the elimination of power surges and energy management induction of bill amazed from fuel cost and generator maintenance. The inverter is more environmentally friendly, easier to operate and required very little maintenance compared to a generator.Through the project is efficient and reliable, it has so ... Continue reading---
REFRENCES - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]REFERENCESBEDOFORD,B.D, et al. Principle of inverter circuit New York, John Willey, (1964). David L.A. Modern UPS Servicing, Marc Dowell publishers, London, (22nd Edition) 2001.Manahar Lofia, Modern Digital Inverter-Introduction Servicing and Troubleshooting, (23rd edition)1996.OYETUNJI TOBI,S. (2015), construction of 2KVA inverter Electrical/Electronic Engineering Project Power Option HND II Finial Year, Unpublished.Tharaja B.L et al, A Textbook of Electrical Technology, S. Chand & Company Lt ... Continue reading---
