-
Design And Construction Of 12v Battery Charger
CHAPTER ONE -- [Total Page(s) 3]
Page 2 of 3
-
-
-
At temperatures higher than room temperature, these rates increase.
Using the wrong charger on alkaline batteries can be downright
dangerous. If you read the warning labels printed on ordinary batteries,
you will observe that a NiCad charger should never be used on alkaline
batteries. Such a charger would supply currents in excess of safe
values, would not turn off automatically when battery voltage exceeds
safe limits, and would continue unchecked until the battery was
damaged.In order to achieve ten times extension of the normal life of an
everyday alkaline battery, you will have to recharge it frequently,
many more times than ten. With this project it is possible to recharge
both alkaline and NiCad batteries because the system has anautomatic
battery monitor which monitor and adjust the charging rate of batteries.
Charge rate is often denoted as C or C-rate and signifies a charge or
discharge rate equal to the capacity of a battery in one hour. For a
1.6Ah battery, C = 1.6A. A charge rate of C/2 = 0.8A would need two
hours, and a charge rate of 2C = 3.2A would need 30 minutes to fully
charge the battery from an empty state, if supported by the battery.
This also assumes that the battery is 100% efficient at absorbing the
charge. A battery charger may be specified in terms of the battery
capacity or C rate; a charger rated C/10 would return the battery
capacity in 10 hours, a charger rated at 4C would charge the battery in
15 minutes. Very rapid charging rates, 1 hour or less, generally require
the charger to carefully monitor battery parameters such as terminal
voltage and temperature to prevent overcharging and damage to the cells.
1.3 Aims and Objective
The
major aim and objective of this project is to design and construct a
battery charger that can be use to charge any kind of 12v rechargeable
batteries including alkaline, NiCad or lead acid batteries. With the
lack of centralized power grids, car batteries have taken the place of
oneof the main energy sources available in developing countries. With
this in mind, ourobjective will be to design a cheap, versatile and
efficient lead acid car battery charger which will interest and appeal
to the “cost-minded†customer.One of our main incentives in developing
this project is for a low-cost charger (affordable) to integrate or
combine with otherdevice. After carrying out our project research on the
targeted users, they have been able todevise a list of particular
features that would be essential in the project, like designing
battery charger to be universal. Using a standard AC power, ability to
charge a typical 12 Volt lead-acid (automotive) battery.We used these
requirements as guidelines to implementing our product as well as
include additional features that we thought are important to the
functionality.
CHAPTER ONE -- [Total Page(s) 3]
Page 2 of 3
-
-
ABSRACT - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]This project presents the design and construction of a battery charger. A battery charger is an electrical/electronic device used to put energy into a secondary cell or rechargeable battery by forcing an electric current through it. The system consists of a step down transformer, an AC to DC converter and a DC voltage regulator. The circuits are designed using copper wire, rectifier diodes, electrolytic capacitors, resistors with other passive and active component of electronics. A battery charg ... Continue reading---
