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Modification Of An Existing Metal Sheet-bending Machine
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CHAPTER THREE
3.0 DESIGN CONSIDERATION
3.1 Bending Stress
In engineering practice, the sheet metal may be subjected to static or dynamic loads which cause bending stress. An adequately strong metal must be able to withstand all the forces it will experience without toppling (become unsteady). Beside other types of forces or stresses such as tensile stress, compressive stress, and shearing stress, bending stress is another stress which acts at an angle to a member, tending to make it bend.
Consider a straight beam subjected to a bending moment ‘M’ as shown in fig 3.1 below. The following assumptions are usually made while deriving the bending formula
1. The material of the beam is perfectly hormogenous (Le. of the same material throughout) and isotropic (Le. of equal elastic properties in all directions)
2. The material of the beam obeys Hooke’s law.
3. The transverse section (i.e. BC or GH), which was plane before bending, remains plane after bending also.
4. Each layer of the beam is free to expand or contract independently of the layer above or below it.
5. Young modulus ‘E’ is the same in tension and compression.
6. The loads are applied in the plane of bending.
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ABSRACT - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]ABSTRACT IS COMING SOON ... Continue reading---
TABLE OF CONTENTS - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]TABLE OF CONTENTFront page Certification Dedication Acknowledgment Abstract Table of content Project topic Aim Procedures Selected materials Equipment CHAPTER ONE1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Importance of Sheet Metal Work and Bending Machines 1.2 Historical Review and Classification of Bending Machines. 9-121.3 Operational Characteristic of the Bending Machine CHAPTER TWO2.0 BENDING TECHNOLOY 2.1 Principles of Bending 2.2 The mechanics of Bending 2.3 Pla ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER ONE - [ Total Page(s): 4 ]CHAPTER ONE1.0 INTRODUCTION1.1 Importance of Sheet Metal Work and Bending MachineWhat is a metal? It is a strong shinny, which conducts electricity and melts when you make it hot enough. But surely metal must be something more than this because there are other substances such as carbon,, glass and rubbers, which are, obviously not metals but can also variously claim to have strength, elasticity or electrical conductivity.Furthermore, most of the metals will melt when heated sufficien ... Continue reading---
SELECTED MATERIALS - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]SELECTED MATERIALSGauge Dimension• 4mm plate - 1200 x 1200mm• H Channel (8inch x 5inch) - 2.550mm• 12mm Plate (8ft x 1ft) - 2.850mm• 12mm Plate - 304 x 2550mm• 50mm Plate - 2,352 x 588mm•  40mm Shaft ... Continue reading---
AIM - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]To design and construct a mental sheet-bending machine component which is manually operated. A machine with working capacity to complete a 90o fold of a full-length plate (8ft = 2400mm) and up to 2.5mm thickness. ... Continue reading---
PROEDURES - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]These are the procedures for designing and constructing a metal sheet-bending machine.- Initial Machine Design - Materials Selection- Costing- Purchasing of the selected Materials- Equipment Used for the Construction ... Continue reading---
EQUIPMENTS - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]EQUIPMENTSï¶ Moulding flaskï¶ Hack Sawï¶ Grinding Stonesï¶ Cutting Stoneï¶ Shearing Machineï¶ Arc Welding Machineï¶ Drilling Machineï¶ Grinding Machineï¶ Lathe Machineï¶ Metal Bending Machineï¶ Shapping machine ï¶ Muilding machine ï¶ Driving machineï¶ Feed taping tool ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER TWO - [ Total Page(s): 4 ]Fig 2.6: Over bending to compensate for spring back.The nose of the bending blade is at an angle of 45° to allow for over bending when bending at 900. After the force applied is released, the material spring back and the required bend is achieved. Fig 2.6(b) shows a bend having a spring back angle i.e. distance between the over bending and the assumed position.2.6 Method of Determining Angle of Spring BackThe only practicable method to determine spring back is by experiment, others are based ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER FOUR - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]CHAPTER FOURCOMPONENT DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION Sand casting is one of the quickest and most cost effective methods adopted in the production of metal prototypes and is an excellent solution for low to medium run of pasts that do not require a specific or precise shape repeatability. The summary of making a cast material using sand casting process are as follows.1. A mold was created by placing the mixture of sand, clay and water on a pattern, and when the pattern was removed ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER FIVE - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]CHAPTER FIVE5.1 Analysis Every sector of the economy is experiencing changes. The production sector is not left out of the changes, infact it is more affected. Sheet metal today is used for doors, windows, frames, gates, etc.It’s worthy to mention, however that the road side welders have developed various ways of bending sheet metal manually, but most often, they generally have poor finishing. As a result, their output does not justify their effort or input.It could be said, that th ... Continue reading---
REFRENCES - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]REFERENCESCourtney, J.V. (1980): Workshop Processes and Materials. Van Nosh Reinhold Company Ltd Workinghan, England, Pg. 21.John, R. Walker (1976), Exploring Metal Work-Basic Fundamentals. Good Head-will Cox, South Holland, Pg. 78-80.Khurmi, R.S. and Gupta J.K. (1979). A textbook of Machine Design. Eurasia publishing house (pvt) ltd New Delhi, Pg. 15.Smith, F.J.M. (1982): Basic Fabrication, and Welding Engineering: Longman, England, Pg. 23-24Surenda, Singh (1979): Strength of material, Vikas Pu ... Continue reading---
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