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Evaluating The Levels Of Some Selected Trace Metals, Renal Function Parameters And Liver Function Parameters Of Heavy Cosmetics Users Among Female Undergraduates And Compare Levels With Non-cosmetic Users
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2.4.1.2 Toxicokinetics of Lead
The absorption of lead from the intestine is mediated by both passive and facilitated diffusion,though this plays a minor role in total absorption,lead absorption can be enhanced by low dietary iron and calcium especially in children, (Mahaffey, 1985). Some evidence supports the hypothesis that divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1) is responsibe for transporting lead. DMT1 is a metal ion transporter that can transport metals such as lead, cadmium, and zinc in addition to its physiological substrates, iron, calcium binding proteins calbindin which is responsibe for basolateral calcium transfer in elctrolytes and has been shown to bind both lead and calcium with similar affinity (Liu et al ., 2008). Absorbed lead is carried to the bone, lead in the blood is primarily (99%) in electrolyte bound to hemoglobin only 1% of circulating lead in serum is available for tissue distribution,metabollic balance studes indicates that lead is predominantly excreted though faeces,with urinary excretion playing a secondary role,trace amounts are also excreted through hair, sweat,breast milk and nails (Liu et al ., 2008).
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ABSRACT - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]Abstract is coming soon ... Continue reading---
APPENDIX A - [ Total Page(s): 2 ]ALBUMINPipette into test tubes Reagent standard sampleDistilled water 0.01ml --- ----Standard (CAL) --- 0.01ml -- ... Continue reading---
QUESTIONNAIRE - [ Total Page(s): 2 ]APPENDIX IKWARA STATE UNIVERSITY, ILORINFACULTY OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCEDEPARTMENT OF MEDICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE.BIOCHEMICAL PROFILE ON TRACE METALS, RENAL AND LIVER FUNCTION PARAMETERS OF KWASU FEMALE UNDERGRADUATES USING COSMETICSDear Respondent,This study was designed to evaluate the health risk associated with heavy cosmetic usage among female undergraduate in Kwara state University, Malete.The information obtained from this research will be used only for the purpose of the research and will ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER ONE - [ Total Page(s): 2 ]CHAPTER ONEINTRODUCTION1.1 Background of studyCosmetology which include nail and hair care has become a lucrative profession. (Halliday-Bell et al., 2009). The use and application of cosmetics have been shown to have some effects on the human system. There are about 9000 chemicals ingredients found in cosmetic products (Kersemaekers and Roelveld, 1995). Nail and hair care users have daily contact with cosmetic products and are therefore routinely exposed to a wide range of chemicals by inhalatio ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER THREE - [ Total Page(s): 2 ]CHAPTER THREE3.1 MATERIALS AND METHODS3.2.0 Study Population:3.2.1 Exposed SubjectsThe population for the study was centred on apparently healthy female undergraduate students who are cosmetic users. Subjects were also chosen considering exclusion criteria like chronic smokers as well as alcoholism.3.2.2 Non-Exposed Subjects (Control)Apparently healthy female participants that completely do not use cosmetics, recruited from the Malete Campus Community of the Kwara State ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER FOUR - [ Total Page(s): 4 ]CHAPTER FOUR4.0 RESULTSTable 4.1: Shows the comparison of anthropometric and clinical indices between heavy cosmetic users (lipstick users) (cases) and non-heavy cosmetic users (control). Data shows a mean age of patients with cosmetic users and non-cosmetic users to be 21.38 ± 0.43 and 22.03 ± 0.59 respectively. However, data shows an insignificant difference in the mean value of systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, height, weight and body mass index of cosmetic users compar ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER FIVE - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]CHAPTER FIVE5.0 DISCUSSION, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION5.1 DiscussionIn the present study, the concentrations of Copper cosmetics were observed to be slightly higher than the standard concentration, however its concentrations in the blood and muscles of the studied students were higher with heavy cosmetic users. Similar results were observed in different cosmetic products from El Max Bay Alexandria (Khaled, 2004). In the present study, the lowest concentrations of Cu were observed ... Continue reading---
REFRENCES - [ Total Page(s): 2 ]REFERENCESAbdo, M. H. and Yacoub, A. M. (2005). Determination of some heavy metals in water and fish flesh of common species in Bardawil Lagoon, Egypt. Egypt. Journal Analytical Chemistry, 14: 65-76.Al-Dayel, O., Hefne, J. and Al-Ajyan, T. (2011). Human exposure to heavy metals from cosmetics. Oriental Journal of Chemistry. 27(1): 1–11.Ames, B.N., Kammen, H.O. and Yamasaki, E. (1975). Hair dyes are mutagenic: identification of a variety of mutagenic ingredients. Proceedings of National Ac ... Continue reading---
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