Incidence Of Uropathogenic Candida Strains In Urinary Tract Infections

This study examined the Prevalence, Species Distribution, and Antifungal Susceptibility Patterns of Candida Species in Urinary Tract Infections in Rivers State, Nigeria. A cross-sectional survey research design was adopted to explore the extent and characteristics of candiduria among patients. A structured questionnaire was designed to collect relevant data from a sample of 333 respondents, which included healthcare professionals, patients, laboratory technicians, and students from various healthcare facilities across Rivers State. The data collected were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 27. Descriptive statistics were used to present demographic details and trends, while one-sample t-tests were conducted to test the stated hypotheses regarding Candida prevalence, species variation, and antifungal resistance.

The analysis revealed a significant prevalence of Candida species in urinary tract infections, with Candida albicans being the most commonly reported pathogen. However, non-albicans Candida species were also notably present, especially in patients with recurrent UTIs. The findings further indicated a significant variation in the distribution of Candida species, influenced by factors such as healthcare setting and patient demographics. A concerning pattern of antifungal resistance, particularly to azole-based drugs like fluconazole, was also identified. The hypotheses tested yielded statistically significant results (p < 0.001), leading to the rejection of all null hypotheses and confirming the high prevalence, diversity, and resistance of Candida species in the study population. In conclusion, the study emphasized the need for improved diagnostic practices, regular antifungal susceptibility testing, and the development of targeted treatment protocols.

These measures are essential to address the increasing incidence of candiduria and antifungal resistance. The findings contribute valuable insight to the field of infectious diseases, guiding healthcare practitioners and policymakers in enhancing the management of Candida-related urinary tract infections in Nigeria and similar settings.