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Isolation And Identification Of Air Microflora In Microbiology Laboratory
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Microbes found in air over populated land areas below altitude of 500
feet in clear weather include spores of Becillus and Clostridium
ascos-pores of yeasts, fragments of mycelium and spores of molds and
streptomycetaceae, pollen pootozoan cysts, algae, micrococcus,
corynebacterium etc.
In the dust and air of schools and hospital
wards or the rooms of persons suffering from infectious disease, microbe
such as tubercle bacilli, streptococci, pneumococci and staphylocci
have been demonstrated. These respiratory bacteria are dispersed in air
in the droplets of saliva and mucus produced by coughing, sneezing,
talking and laughing.
Viruses of respiratory tract and some enteric
are also transmitted from the objects contaminated with infectious
secretions that after drying become infectiou dust. Droplet are usually
formed by sneezing, coughing and talking. Each droplet consists of
saliva and mucus and each may contain thousands of microbes. It has been
estimated that the number of bacteria in a single sneeze may be between
10,000 and 100,000. Small droplets in a warm dry atmosphere are dry
before they reach the floor and thus quickly become droplet nuclei.
Many
plant pathogens are also transported from one field to another through
air and the spread of many fungal diseases of plants can be predicted by
measuring the concentration of airborne fungal spores. Human bacterial
pathogen which cause important airborne disease such as diphtheria,
meningitis, pneumonia, tuberculosis, and whcoping cough are described in
the chapter “Bacterial Disease manâ€
Air does not have an indigenous
and flora, though a number of micro-organism are present in the air.
Air is not a natural environment for microorganisms as it doesn’t
contain enough moisture and nutrients to support their growth and
reproduction. Quite a number of sources have been studied in this
connection and almost all of them have been found to be responsible for
the air microflora. One of the most common sources of air microflora is
the soil. Soil microorganisms when distributed by the wind blow librated
into the air and remain suspended therefore along period of time. Man
made actions like digging or ploughing the soil may be release soil born
microbes into the air. Similarly microorganisms found in water may also
be released into the air in the form of water droplets or aerosols,
splashing of water by wind action a tidal action may also produce
droplets or aerosols?
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