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Nursing Intervention For The Promotion Of Infection Control In Two Teaching Hospitals
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1.3 Objective of the Study
The
main objective of this study is to determine the effects of a training
programme on infection control among nurses. The specific objectives are
to:
assess the effectiveness of the training programme on knowledge of participants about
infection control;
determine the effectiveness of the training programme on perceptions of participants
about infection control;
document the effectiveness of the training programme on attitudes of participants
towards infection control;
implement
a training programme on infection control; determine the level of
skills possessed and practice of participants on infection control;
assess the effectiveness of a training programme on infection risk
reduction and ascertain if there is any difference between the
self-reported practices and the actual
observed practices of infection control in the experimental group.
1.4 Research Questions
This study attempted to answer the following research questions:
What
are the effects of training programme on attitudes of participants?
What are the effects of training programme on the perceptions of
participants? What are the effects of training programme on the
knowledge of participants? What is the effect of the training programme
on infection risk reduction?
1.5 Hypotheses
These three hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance:
Ho
1. There is no significant difference in the mean knowledge
score of infection control between the experimental group and the
control group.
Ho 2. There is no significant difference in
the mean practice score of infection control between the experimental
group and the control group.
Ho 3. There is no
significant difference between the self reported practice and observed
practice of infection control in the experimental group.
1.6 Scope of the Study
This
study focused on the knowledge, attitude, perception and practice of
infection control among nurses. Specific areas are; hand hygiene, use of
personal protective equipment (PPE), handling sharps/injection safety,
cleaning and disinfection as well as waste management. The independent
variable is the training package, and the dependent variables are the
participants’ knowledge, attitude, perception and practice.
1.7 Significance of the Study
The
importance of the training programme to nurses, patients, hospital and
society cannot be over emphasized. The training programme may improve
infection control practices among nurses. The practices include: hand
washing, donning and removing PPE for example, gloves, gown, mask,
eyewear, and injection safety. The study may also improve the knowledge
of nurses on the components of standard precautions. Training and
practicing standard precautions may lead to a situation where nurses
actually feel more protected from the risk of exposures to HIV and
Hepatitis, and are more likely to provide improved “physical careâ€.
Nurses also experience less fear and are less judgmental towards
patients, thus less likely to stigmatise or discriminate patients,
leading to improved “psychosocial or emotional care†when rendering care
to patients with highly infectious diseases.
In the practice of
standard precautions, all patients are assumed to be possible sources of
infection and must be handled professionally in that regard. The
importance of this programme to the hospital is that the patients that
receive care are not likely to have nosocomial infection. This may in
turn allow the hospital to have recognition which may attract more
patronage by Ogun state indigenes and beyond.
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