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Prevalence Of Malnutrition Among Children Under Five
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Of even more significance are the uneven rates of achievement in
different parts of the globe. For instance, the largest decline in the
prevalence of malnutrition has been in East Asia, especially in China,
while substantial improvements have been made in Latin America and the
Caribbean. However, less progress was seen in South Asia, where the
prevalence of underweight remains very high, while sub-Saharan Africa
saw little or no change over the period 1990-2011.
Undernutrition
during this critical phase can have irreversible consequences on the
child's growth leading to an increased risk of morbidity and mortality
in children (Murray-Kolb., et al 2013). Undernutrition is commonly
assessed through the measurement of a child's anthropometry (height,
weight), as well as through screening for biochemical and clinical
markers. Wasting, stunting and underweight are expressions of
undernutrition and the anthropometric indicators for the assessment
(Duggan et al., 1999).
1.2 Statement of Problem
In 2015, globally
about 7.7% of children were wasted, 24.5% were stunted and 15% were
underweight. In that same year, malnutrition contributed to about 45% of
deaths in children below five years. The African region and South-East
Asia have reported the highest prevalence of undernutrition, with the
former accounting for about 39.4% of the stunted, 24.9% of the
underweight and 10.3% of the wasted children under-5 years of age.
(Sulaiman et al., 2018).
According to the 2015 Millennium development
goal (MDG) report, sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) accounts for one third of
all undernourished children globally, with West Africa and East Africa
having the highest prevalence, highlighting that malnutrition still
remains a major health concern for children under 5 years in the
sub-region, thus buttressing the need for urgent intervention (Luchuo et
al. 2013).
Over nutrition on the other hand is not really a problem
of Africa. However, it is increasing gradually in southern part of
Ghana. A study conducted in 2015 by UNICEF in Ghana indicated that 23%
are stunted (7% severely); and 6% are wasted (1% severely), 13% of
children under five are underweight (3% severely). These figures show
that malnutrition is still high in the country or the Sub-Saharan region
(UNICEF 2015).
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ABSRACT - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]Malnutrition continues to be a significant public health and development concern globally. It is a serious problem because it is causing the deaths of 3.5 million children under 5 years old per- year. Its magnitude is still high in sub Saharan countries including Nigeria. The main objective of this study therefore, was to assess associated factors of malnutrition in under five years children in Ewoyi community in Esan North east Uromi Edo state. A hospital based cross-sectional study was conduct ... Continue reading---
