The WAEC guideline
(2007) demands that every school who intend to offer agriculture as part
of the examination subject at secondary level must have a school farm
or demonstration field this form an important base for the subject.
The
importance of instructional materials in the teaching/learning
experience has also been identified by Gibson (1981). Seawell (1990) and
Bilgin (2006) confirm that without adequate pieces of apparatus,
Agricultural Science and Science lesson would become rigid, boring, dull
and unrealistic. The uniqueness of the subject therefore results from
the variety of materials and experiment necessary for its effective
teaching and learning .Effective use of teaching aids makes teaching
more practical and learning more enhanced, leading to high self
confidence and development of positive attitude to learning by student
as noted by Umoinyang and Okpala (2001) and Falaye and Ayoola (2006).
also have it that the mere use of these materials however does not
guarantee effective teaching and communication. It is their careful
selection and skilful handling by the teacher that renders them useful
in facilitating learning (Bremner, 1990). It is therefore necessary for
teachers to have working knowledge of the criteria to use in selecting
and evaluating them and principle underlying their effective use.
Although Okon and Ibanga (1982) had earlier recognized this fact and
noted that successful instructional exercise depends primarily on the
teachers dynamism and personality as well as professional competence.
Psychologists
have carried out intensive and extensive empirical studies on effect of
reinforcement on the course of learning. Research evidence bounds that
the greater the amount of reinforcement the rapid the rate of interest
and learning. If this statement is true then it’s correct to assume that
behavior could be controlled by reward. Olaguntoye (2000) asserted that
a stimulating and relevant course to the student will attract an over
whelming enthusiastic responses different from the students sluggish
and dull response. Olaitan (2000) says that student will create more
interest in practical agriculture if they are exposed to the use of
modern implements or machine such as tractor, sprayer, planter,
harvester e.t.c, the use of different types of machine and chemicals
rather than the traditional implements which involve the excessive use
of energy.Appraisal of Reviewed Literature
Some literatures
reviewed in this study revealed that, the main purpose of teaching
Agricultural science in secondary school is to train students to be self
reliance and self-sufficient,( FRN , 2013 ) and to enable students
acquire useful knowledge and practical skills in agriculture, FME (as
cited by Obi, 2005)