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Bacteriological Examination Of Sachet And Bottled Water
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CHAPTER ONE
1.0INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
Water
is one of the most common indispensable resources for the continual
existence of all living thing including man. Good quality of water is
odorless, tasteless, and free from fecal pollution. Water covers about
71% of the entire areas of the earth’s surface and is found in oceans,
rivers, lakes, ponds, streams and springs (Ogunji et al., 2010).
Industries
and farms Harigan and Macance, 2009, reported that water sourced from
rivers, streams and lakes are subjected to a lot of contaminated water
ranges from dissolved salts such as carbonates, bicarbonates, chlorides
and sulphate of calcium, magnesium, sodium and potassium. The most
deadly contamination of water is faecal contaminated water bodies gotten
from contaminated feaces of human during activities such as defecation,
these kind of defecate wash swim in water bodies. Moreover, the
bursting of soaking pit into water bodies are also common both in rural
and urban areas (Cifluent et al., 2012).
The inadequacy
of pipe borne water in most cities in Nigeria is almost endemic. These
inadequate in quality and quantity have spontaneously increased the
consumption of “sachet water†and “Bottle waterâ€. This water is packed
in polythene (nylon) sachet of about 60cl for sachet water while for
bottle water; the water is packaged in light plastic bottle of a varying
size which compresses on applying of pressure against the bottle. In
the above form they are sold to the public for consumption (APHA, 2009).
A
review of studies carried by the World Bank gives the evidence that
incidence of water borne disease are related to the quality and quantity
of water and sanitation available to users. Iken et al., 2008
highlights that in a contaminated water organisms especially of the
Enterobacteri accence group e.g Escherichia coli, Enterbacter,
Georgenes, Klebsiella, salmonella typhi Yersinia enterolitica are highly
contaminated in the water.
In order to prevent the outbreak of the
water there are needs to preserves and treat water supplied to towns and
cities (Cabell, 2007). The methods of treatments of water are thus;
boiling of water at 1000C. This prevents the growth of pathogenic
organism, boiling of water does not get rid of spore forming organism.
Water treatment such as chlorination, sedimentation of water and other
process that ensures the neutralization of chemical contained in water
killing of pathogen organisms.
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ABSRACT - [ Total Page(s): 1 ] The bacteriological examination of bottled and sachet water in Enugu metropolis, a case study of Aqua Rapha in 9th mile, Enugu was carried out to determine the bacterial load in the water samples and organisms that contaminates the water. The water samples were spring water, well water and surface tank reservoir of rain water from Enugu metropolis of Aqua Rapha in a sterile container. Using pour plate plating techniques 0.1ml of water sample was pipette into Petri-dishes and the already prepar ... Continue reading---
