Water Analysis On Covered And Open Well

1.4 USES OF WATER

DOMESTIC USES

1. For Agricultural purpose: The most important use of water in agriculture is for irrigation which is a key component to produce enough food.

2.  for drinking: The human body contains from 55% to 78% water, depending on body size. To function properly, the body requires between one and seven liters of water per day to avoid dehydration, the precise amount depends on the level of activity, temperature, humidity, and other factors. Most of this is ingested through foods or beverages other than drinking straight water.

3. Washing: The propensity of water to form solutions and emulsions is useful in various washing processes. Many industrial processes rely on reactions using chemicals dissolved in water, suspension of solids in water slurries or using water to dissolve and extract substances. Washing is also an important component of several aspects of personal body hygiene.

4. Transportation: The use of water for transportation of materials through rivers and canals as well as the international shipping lanes is an important part of the world economy.

5. Cooking: Water can be used to cook different types of foods.

INDUSTRIAL USES

1. Water is used in power generation: Hydroelectricity is electricity obtained from hydro power. Hydroelectric power comes from water driving a water turbine connected to a generator. 

2. Food processing: Water plays many critical roles within the field of food science. It is important for a food scientist to understand the roles that water plays within food processing to ensure the success of their product.

3. Chemical uses: water is widely used in chemical reactions as a solvent or reactant and less commonly as a solute or catalyst. In inorganic reactions, it is not usually used as a reaction solvent, because it does not dissolve the reactants well and is amphetamine (acid and base) and nucleophilic.

4. Heat exchange: water and steam are used as heat transfer fluids in diverse heat exchange systems, due to its availability and high heat capacity, both as a coolant and for heating. In the nuclear power industry, water can also be used as a neutron moderator.

5. Fire extinction: water has a high heat of vaporization and is relatively inert, which makes it a good fire extinguishing fluid. The evaporation of water carries heat away from the fire. Use of water in fire fighting should also take into account the hazards of a stream explosion, which may occur when water is used on very hot fires in confined spaces. 

1.5 PROPERTIES OF WELL WATER

Composition: the geological nature of the soil determines the chemical composition of the ground water. Water is constantly in contact with the ground in which it stagnates or circulates. So equilibrium develops between the compositions of the soil and that of the water, i.e. water that circulates in sandy or granitic substratum is acidic and has a few mineral water that circulates in limestone contains bicarbonates alkalinity.

Movement: ground water is in constant motion, although the rate at which it moves is generally slower than it would move in a stream because it must pass through the intricate passage ways between free spaces in the rocks.

Discharges and velocity: the rate at which ground water moves through the saturated zone depends on the permeability of the rock and the hydraulic gradient. The hydraulic gradient is defined as the difference in elevation divided by the distance between two points on the water table.